Services

✅ Colonoscopy & Gastroscopy—Early detection and prevention of digestive conditions.
✅ Hemorrhoidal Banding—A minimally invasive treatment for hemorrhoids.
✅ IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease)—Comprehensive management of Crohn’s disease & ulcerative colitis.
✅ Liver Diseases—Diagnosis and treatment of liver disorders, including fatty liver and hepatitis.
✅ IBS & Motility Disorders—Personalized treatment plans for irritable bowel syndrome and motility issues.

Colonoscopy – What is it?

A colonoscopy is a procedure that lets your doctor look inside your large bowel (colon) and the last part of the small intestine (called the terminal ileum). 

It helps check for:

✅ Inflammation or ulcers
✅ Polyps – Small growths in the bowel.
Some are harmless (benign), but others can turn into cancer (malignant) if not removed. That’s why it’s important to detect and remove them early.
✅ Bowel conditions like Crohn’s disease or colitis – These are long-term types of inflammation that may cause pain, diarrhea, or bleeding.

What to Expect During a Colonoscopy

🔹Preparation—The day before, you’ll follow a bowel cleansing routine to empty your colon. Proper bowel preparation is one of the most important steps for a successful colonoscopy. A clean colon allows your doctor to get a clear, unobstructed view, ensuring accurate detection of any abnormalities, such as polyps or inflammation.
🔹 Procedure – You’ll be asleep under deep sedation (propofol, given by a specialist anaesthetist). The test takes about 20–30 minutes and is safe and comfortable.
🔹 Recovery – You’ll rest briefly after the procedure and can usually go home the same day.

Why It’s Important

Colonoscopy is the best test to detect early signs of colon cancer and remove precancerous polyps before they develop into something more serious

Hemorrhoidal banding, also known as rubber band ligation, is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat internal hemorrhoids that cause discomfort, bleeding, or prolapse.

When is Hemorrhoidal Banding Needed?

✅ Chronic hemorrhoidal bleeding that does not respond to conservative treatments. 

✅ Prolapsed hemorrhoids that protrude from the rectum. 

✅ Persistent discomfort, irritation, or itching caused by internal hemorrhoids.

How is hemorrhoidal banding performed?

  1. Preparation—No special preparation is needed, but patients may be advised to avoid blood-thinning medications before the procedure.
  2. Placement of Bands – A small rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid, cutting off its blood supply.
  3. Hemorrhoid Shrinks & Falls Off – Within a few days, the hemorrhoid shrinks, dies, and falls off naturally during a bowel movement.
  4. Recovery & Follow-Up – Mild discomfort may be experienced for a few days, and multiple sessions may be needed for larger hemorrhoids.

Benefits of Hemorrhoidal Banding

✔ Minimally invasive—no surgery required.
✔ Quick & Effective—Procedure takes only a few minutes.
✔ Minimal Downtime—Most patients return to normal activities the same day.
✔ Long-Lasting Relief—Effective for treating chronic hemorrhoids.

A gastroscopy (also called an upper endoscopy) is a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) using a thin, flexible tube with a camera at the end (endoscope).

Why is Gastroscopy Performed?

✅ To investigate symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.

 ✅ To diagnose conditions like ulcers, gastritis, reflux disease (GERD), or celiac disease. 

✅ To check for abnormal growths, inflammation, or early signs of cancer. 

✅ To treat certain conditions, such as removing polyps, stopping bleeding, or widening a narrowed esophagus.

How is Gastroscopy Performed?

  1. Preparation—You must fast (no food or drink) for at least 6 hours before the procedure.
  2. Sedation – You’ll be asleep under deep sedation (propofol, given by a specialist anaesthetist). The test takes about 5–10 minutes and is safe and comfortable.
  3. Examination – The endoscope is gently inserted through the mouth to examine the digestive tract.
  4. Biopsy (if needed) – The doctor may take a small tissue sample for further testing.
  5. Recovery – After the procedure, you’ll rest until the sedation wears off, and you can usually go home the same day.

Endoscopic dilatation is a procedure used to widen a narrowed (strictured) area in the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine. It is often performed as part of a gastroscopy if narrowing is detected.

Types of Dilatation

✅ Balloon Dilatation—A specialized balloon is inflated to stretch the narrowed passage.

 ✅ Bougie Dilatation—A tapered, flexible tube (bougie) is passed through the stricture to widen it gradually.

 ✅ Savary-Gilliard Dilators – Wire-guided dilators that provide controlled and progressive expansion of strictures, often used in complex cases.

When is dilation needed?

✅ Esophageal Stricture – Narrowing of the esophagus due to acid reflux (GERD), scarring, or tumors. 

✅ Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia) – Caused by strictures or muscle disorders. 

✅ Pyloric Stenosis – Narrowing of the stomach outlet leading to delayed emptying. 

✅ Post-Surgical Narrowing – After previous gastrointestinal surgery.

How is dilatation performed?

  1. Endoscopy-Guided—The endoscope is used to locate the stricture.
  2. Balloon or Bougie Dilators—A balloon or tapered tube is used to stretch the narrowed area.
  3. Gradual Widening – The dilator is expanded to gently stretch the narrowed passage.
  4. Recovery – Patients can usually resume eating soft foods shortly after the procedure.

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to remove abnormal growths, such as polyps or early-stage cancers, from the lining of the digestive tract. It is often performed during a colonoscopy or upper endoscopy.

When is EMR Used?

✅ Removal of large or complex polyps that cannot be taken out with standard techniques. 

✅ Treatment of early-stage gastrointestinal cancers. 

✅ Removal of precancerous lesions to prevent disease progression.

How is EMR Performed?

  1. Injection or Water Immersion – Depending on the situation and location of the polyp, the lesion may be lifted using a special fluid injection or submerged in water to improve visualization and removal.
  2. Snaring & Resection – A small wire loop (snare) is used to remove the lesion.
  3. Recovery & Monitoring – The removed tissue is sent for pathology, and patients are monitored for any complications.

Most patients recover quickly, but follow-up monitoring is necessary to check for recurrence.

GERD is a long-term condition where acid from the stomach flows back into the food pipe (esophagus). This can cause:

  • Heartburn (a burning feeling in the chest)
  • Regurgitation (acid or food coming back up)
  • Chest discomfort
  • Difficulty swallowing

Over time, GERD can lead to different types of problems, which are managed differently depending on the patient.

Types (Phenotypes) of GERD

✅ Non-Erosive Reflux Disease (NERD) – You feel symptoms, but there’s no visible damage in the esophagus. Often managed with lifestyle changes and medications like acid reducers.

✅ Erosive Oesophagitis (EE) – The acid causes visible irritation and damage to the esophagus. This needs stronger treatment and careful monitoring.

✅ Refractory GERD – When symptoms don’t improve even with treatment. You might need more tests (like pH studies or manometry) to guide further care.

✅ Extra-Oesophageal GERD – GERD symptoms that affect areas outside the digestive system, like:

  • Chronic cough
  • Hoarseness
  • Asthma-like symptoms
  • Throat clearing or sinus problems

✅ GERD with Hiatal Hernia – Part of the stomach pushes into the chest through a small opening in the diaphragm. It can worsen reflux and sometimes needs surgery.

✅ Barrett’s Esophagus – Long-term acid damage can cause the oesophageal lining to change. This condition increases the risk of developing oesophageal cancer over time. It requires regular monitoring through endoscopy

Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) are chronic gastrointestinal conditions that cause symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits without structural abnormalities. These disorders result from dysfunction in the gut-brain interaction and altered motility.

Types of Functional Bowel Disorders

✅ Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) – Characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or both). 

✅ Functional Dyspepsia (FD) – Upper abdominal discomfort, fullness, nausea, and bloating, often unrelated to meals. 

✅ Functional Constipation – Infrequent or difficult bowel movements with excessive straining. 

✅ Functional Diarrhea – Chronic diarrhea without identifiable causes like infection or inflammation. 

✅ Opioid-Induced Constipation (OIC) – Bowel dysfunction resulting from long-term opioid use. 

✅ Abdominal Bloating & Distension – Sensation of increased abdominal pressure, often associated with gas retention.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, which cause chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Types of IBD

✅ Crohn’s Disease – Can affect any part of the GI tract, often involving the small intestine and deeper layers of the bowel wall. 

✅ Ulcerative Colitis – Affects only the colon (large intestine) and causes inflammation of the inner lining.

Symptoms of IBD

⚡ Chronic diarrhea, sometimes with blood 

⚡ Abdominal pain and cramping 

⚡ Weight loss and fatigue 

⚡ Fever and joint pain in severe cases

Liver diseases can range from mild liver dysfunction to severe conditions requiring ongoing medical management.

Common Liver Diseases

✅ Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) – Fat accumulation in the liver, commonly linked to obesity and diabetes. 

✅ Hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E) – Viral infections affecting liver function.

 ✅ Cirrhosis – Scarring of the liver due to chronic liver disease. 

✅ Liver Cancer – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops in patients with cirrhosis. 

✅ Autoimmune Liver Diseases – Autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

Symptoms of Liver Disease

⚡ Fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin/eyes) 

⚡ Abdominal swelling or fluid retention 

⚡ Nausea, loss of appetite, weight loss 

⚡ Dark urine, pale stools